What is it?
Color blindness, also known as daltonism, is a deficiency
in the view of certain colors. Our retina is made up
of rods and cones, which act as color and light receptors.
Each of the millions of cones are made up of 3 more
receptors: red, green and blue. When functioning correctly,
we can see all types of color; color blindness occurs
when there is a problem or lack of a color receptor
in the cones. Red/green color distortion is the most
common type of color vision impairment. In a few very
rare cases, some people can only see in black and white
shades.
What causes it?
Color blindness is almost always an inherited condition
although males are more likely than females to get it.
Cones in our eye contain red, green and blue pigments.
When there is damage to one of the cones or a cone is
missing some of the pigment, color blindness occurs.
Symptoms:
inability to distinguish colors (usually red/green and
sometimes yellow/blue)
A color blind person may not see the digit 8 in the
picture below.

Treatment:
For some color blind people, special contacts to can
with color vision. Unfortunately, there is not a treatment
to completely cure color blindness.